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Seongjong / 성종 (Joseon)
#1
Seongjong / 성종 (Joseon)

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Joseon Seongjong (20 Agustos 1457 - 20 Ocak 1494) Kore'deki Joseon Hanedanliginin 9. kralidir. 1469'da Kral Yejong'dan alip, 1494 yilina kadar ülkeyi yönetti.

Dogum Ismi: I Hyeol (이혈)

Kral Sejo'nun torunu, Yejong'un yegenidir. Hasta kral Yejong 1469'da ölünce yerine genç oglu geçti ancak basarili olamadi. Genç kral ülkeyi etkili sekilde yönetemeyince (Taç giydiginde henüz 13 yasindaydi.) Kraliçe Jeonghee, büyükannesi, kralin annesi ile birlikte Kraliçe Insu (Kocasi kral olamamis ama oglu tac giyince kraliçe olmustur.) ile birlikte onu tahta geçirdiler. 1476 yilinda, 20 yasindayken ükleyi yönetmeye basladi.

Onun saltanatinda ekonomi büyüyüp, refah düzeyi artmistir. Eski krallar Taejong, Sejong ve Sejo'nun koydugu yasalar uygulanmistir. Kendileri yetenekli bir hükümdardi. 1474 yilinda, Kral Sejo'ya göre siralanan hukuk kurallari tamamlanmis ve yürürlüge girmistir. Seongjong da kurallarda düzenleme ve islahat yapmistir.

Yasalarin yani sira Konfüçyüsçü bilginleri tesvik etmis, Hongmungwan'i (홍문관) büyük ölçüde, kraliyet kütüphanesini ve ayni zamanda kralin danisma konseyini genisletmis, Üçlü Ofisleri (Hongmungwan, Genel Müfettis Ofisi, Sansürler Ofisi) kontrol altina alip, Kraliyet Mahkemelerini dengelemistir. Kral Sejong'dan bu yana ilk kez Konfüçyüsçü bilginleri liberal mahkemelere getirdi. Siyasal görüslerine Taejong ve Sejo gibi krallar etkili olmustur. Siyasi görüsü ne olursa olsun en yetenekli yöneticileri atayarak iktidarini saglamlastirmistir. Onun bu politikasi olumlu sonuçlar dogurup destekçisini arttimistir.

Kral sanatçi ve bilim adamiydi. Bilim ve siyasetin incelikleri hakkinda tartismayi çok severdi. Örnegin bilim adamlarini, siradan insanlarin bile yararlanabilecegi cografya ve sosyal görgü kurallari hakkinda çok sayida kitap yayinlamaya tesvik etmistir.

Oda diger aile bireyleri gibi 1491 yilinda kuzey sinirindaki Jurchens'e karsi birçok askeri eylem plani göndermistir. Orgeneral önderligindeki askeri eylemlerdir. Heo Jong (허종) basarili oldu ve Udige liderligindeki Jurchens maglup olup Amrokgang'in kuzeyine çekildi.

Kral Seongjong 1494 yilinda tahti oglu Yeonsangun'a birakti.

Ailesi:

Babasi: Prens Halefi Uigyeong (이장 의경 세자, 1438 - 2 Eylül 1457)
Üvey Babasi: Kral Yejong (예종)
Annesi: Kraliçe Sohye Cheongju Han Sülalesinden (소혜왕후 한씨, 7 Ekim 1437 - 27 Nisan 1504)
Üvey Annesi: Cheongju Han Sülalesinden Kraliçe Ansun (안순왕후 한씨, 1445 - 23 Aralik 1498)

Esleri, Çocuklari ve Sayilari:

1. Kraliçe Gonghye, Cheongju Han Sülalesi ( 공혜왕후 한씨 11 Ekim 1456 - 15 Nisan 1474) Çocuksuz

2. Kraliçe Jeheon, Ham-an Yoon Sülalesi (제헌왕후, 1445 - 16 Agustos 1482)

Veliaht Prens Yi Ryung (이륭 원자), 2. oglu
Isimsiz iki ogul

3. Yoon Chang-nyeon, Kraliçe Jeonghyeon Papyeong Yoon Sülalesinden (윤창년 정현왕후, 1462–1530)
Yi Yeok, Büyük Prens Jinseong (이역 진성대군), tek ogul
Prenses Sunsuk (순숙공주), 1. kizi
Prenses Shinsuk (신숙공주), 2. kizi

4. Esi Myeong Andong Kim Boyu'na mensup Asilzade (명빈 김씨)
Yi Jong, Prens Musan (이종 무산군), tek oglu

5. Kim Suk-ui (숙의 김씨)
Prenses Hwisuk (휘숙옹주, -?), 1 kizi
Prenses Gyeongsuk (경숙 옹주), 2. kizi
Prenses Hwijeong (휘정옹주), 3. kizi

6. Jeong Geum-yi, Gwi-in, Chogye Jeong Sülalesinden (귀인 정금이 ? - 20 Mart 1504)
Yi Hang Prens Anyang (이항 안양 군, 1480-1505), 1. Ogul
Yi Bong, Prens Bongan (이봉 봉안 군, 1482-1505), 2. Ogul
Prenses Jeonghye (정혜 옹주,? -1507), Tek kizi

7. Kwon Gwi-in (귀인 권씨)
Yi Byeon, Prens Jeonseong (이변 전성 군), tek oglu

8. Eom Eunsosa, Yeongwol Eom Sülalesinden, Gwi-in, (귀인 엄은소사, - 20 Mart 1504)
Prenses Gongshin (공신 옹주, -?), Tek kizi

9. Lee Suk-ui (숙의 이씨) - Çocuksuz

10. Ha Suk-ui (숙의 하씨)
Yi Sun, Prens Gyeseong (이순 계성 군, 1478-1504), tek oglu

11. Hong Namyang Hong klaninin Suk-ui (숙의 홍씨, -?)
Yi Soo, Prens Wanwon (이수 완원군, 1480-1509), 1. Ogul
Yi Nyeom, Prens Hwoesan (이념 회산 군, 1481-1512), 2. Ogul
Yi Don, Prens Gyeonseong (이돈 견성 군), 3. Ogul
Yi Hwoe, Prens Ikyang (이회 익양군), 4. Ogul
Yi Chim, Prens Gyeongmyeong (이침 경명 군), 5. Oglu
Prens Euncheon, Yi In (이인 은천 군), 6rd Oglu
Hui Yi, Prens Yangwon (이희 양원 군), 7. Ogul
Prenses Hyesuk (혜숙 옹주, -?), 1 kizi
Prenses Jeongsun (정순 옹주), 2. kizi
Prenses Jeongsuk (정숙 옹주), 3. kizi

12. Nam Suk-ui (숙의 남씨) - Çocuksuz

13. Shim Suk-yong (숙용 심씨)
Yi gwan, Prens Yiseong (이관 이성 군, 1489-1552), 1. Ogul
Yi Jeon, Prens Yeongan (이전 영안 군), 2. Ogul
Prenses Gyeongsun (경순 옹주), 1 kizi
Prenses Sukhye (숙혜옹주), 2. kizi

14. Kwon Suk-yong (숙용 권씨)
Prenses Gyeonghwi (경휘옹주), tek kizi

15. Yoon Suk-won (숙원 윤씨) - Çocuksuz




English:

Seongjong of Joseon (20 August 1457 – 20 January 1494) was the ninth king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea. He succeeded King Yejong in 1469 and ruled until 1494.

Birth name: I Hyeol (이혈)

He was grandson of King Sejo, nephew of Yejong. He succeeded King Yejong in 1469 when the weak king died and his son was too young to succeed him. Since he was too young to govern the kingdom effectively (he was 13 when he was crowned), Queen Jeonghee, his grandmother, ruled the nation in his name, along with the king's mother, Queen Insu (whose husband had never actually been king, but he was ascended to throne posthumously). In 1476, at the age of 20, he began to govern the country in his own name.

His reign was marked by the prosperity and growth of the national economy, based on the laws laid down by kings Taejong, Sejong, and Sejo. He himself was a gifted ruler. In 1474, the code of law, first ordered by King Sejo, was completed and put into effect. Seongjong also ordered revisions and improvements to the code.

Besides the law, he also encouraged Confucian scholars; He greatly expanded Hongmungwan (홍문관, 弘文館), the royal library and advisory council to the king at the same time, and strengthened so-called Three Offices (Hongmungwan, Office of Inspector General, Office of Censors) as check and balance on the Royal Court. For the first time since King Sejong, he brought many liberal Confucian scholars to his court, whose political views went against those of the conservative officials (members of the nobility) who had helped kings Taejong and Sejo to power. In this way he made his rule more effective by appointing able administrators regardless of their political views. His policy resulted in many positive innovations, increasing his number of supporters. The king himself was an artist and scholar, and liked to argue about the finer points of politics with more liberal scholars. He encouraged scholars to publish numerous books about geography and social etiquette, for example, as well as areas of knowledge that benefited the common people.

He also sent several military campaigns against the Jurchens on the northern border in 1491, like many of his predecessors. The campaign, led by Gen. Heo Jong (허종, 許琮), was successful, and the defeated Jurchens led by Udige (兀狄哈) retreated to the north of Amrokgang. King Seongjong was succeeded by his son, Yeonsangun, in 1494.

Family

Father: Prince Successor Uigyeong (이장 의경세자, 1438 – September 2, 1457)
Adoptive Father: King Yejong (예종)
Mother: Queen Sohye of the Cheongju Han clan (소혜왕후 한씨, October 7, 1437 – April 27, 1504)[
Adoptive Mother: Queen Ansun of the Cheongju Han clan (안순왕후 한씨, 1445(?)–December 23, 1498)

Consorts and their Respective Issue:

1. Queen Gonghye of the Cheongju Han clan (공혜왕후 한씨, October 11, 1456 – April 15, 1474) - No Issue.

2. Queen Jeheon of the Ham-an Yoon clan (제헌왕후, 1445 – August 16, 1482)
Yi Ryung, the Royal Prince (이륭 원자), 2nd Son
2 Unnamed Sons
3. Yoon Chang-nyeon, the Queen Jeonghyeon, of the Papyeong Yoon clan (윤창년 정현왕후, 1462–1530)
Yi Yeok, the Grand Prince Jinseong (이역 진성대군), Only Son
Princess Sunsuk (순숙공주), 1st Daughter
Princess Shinsuk (신숙공주), 2nd Daughter
4. Royal Noble Consort Myeong of the Andong Kim clan (명빈 김씨)
Yi Jong, the Prince Musan (이종 무산군), Only Son
5. Kim Suk-ui (숙의 김씨)
Princess Hwisuk (휘숙옹주, ?–?), 1st Daughter
Princess Gyeongsuk (경숙옹주), 2nd Daughter
Princess Hwijeong (휘정옹주), 3rd Daughter
6. Jeong Geum-yi, Gwi-in, of the Chogye Jeong clan (귀인 정금이), ? – March 20, 1504)
Yi Hang, the Prince Anyang (이항 안양군, 1480–1505), 1st Son
Yi Bong, the Prince Bongan (이봉 봉안군, 1482–1505), 2nd Son
Princess Jeonghye (정혜옹주, ?–1507), Only Daughter
7. Kwon Gwi-in (귀인 권씨)
Yi Byeon, the Prince Jeonseong (이변 전성군), Only Son
8. Eom Eunsosa, Gwi-in, of the Yeongwol Eom clan (귀인 엄은소사, ? – March 20, 1504)
Princess Gongshin (공신옹주, ?–?), Only Daughter
9. Lee Suk-ui (숙의 이씨) - No Issue.
10. Ha Suk-ui (숙의 하씨)
Yi Sun, the Prince Gyeseong (이순 계성군, 1478–1504), Only Son
11. Hong Suk-ui of the Namyang Hong clan (숙의 홍씨, ?–?)
Yi Soo, the Prince Wanwon (이수 완원군, 1480–1509), 1st Son
Yi Nyeom, the Prince Hwoesan (이념 회산군, 1481–1512), 2nd Son
Yi Don, the Prince Gyeonseong (이돈 견성군), 3rd Son
Yi Hwoe, the Prince Ikyang (이회 익양군), 4th Son
Yi Chim, the Prince Gyeongmyeong (이침 경명군), 5th Son
Yi In, the Prince Euncheon (이인 은천군), 6rd Son
Yi Hui, the Prince Yangwon (이희 양원군), 7th Son
Princess Hyesuk (혜숙옹주, ?–?), 1st Daughter
Princess Jeongsun (정순옹주), 2nd Daughter
Princess Jeongsuk (정숙옹주), 3rd Daughter
12. Nam Suk-ui (숙의 남씨) - No Issue.
13. Shim Suk-yong (숙용 심씨)
Yi Gwan, the Prince Yiseong (이관 이성군, 1489–1552), 1st Son
Yi Jeon, the Prince Yeongan (이전 영안군), 2nd Son
Princess Gyeongsun (경순옹주), 1st Daughter
Princess Sukhye (숙혜옹주), 2nd Daughter
14. Kwon Suk-yong (숙용 권씨)
Princess Gyeonghwi (경휘옹주), Only Daughter
15. Yoon Suk-won (숙원 윤씨) - No Issue.


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Cevapla
#2
En sevdigim Kral'in bu güzel paylasimi için çok tesekkür ederim ablacim. Emeklerine saglik. Opucuk


TÜRKİYE ℂ⋆
Cevapla
#3
Emegine, ellerine saglik Yasemincim. Opucuk
Cevapla
#4
Tesekkürler. Smile
Cevapla
#5
Eline, emegine, aklina saglik abla. Her kralin oldugu gibi bu kralin da tanitimi çok iyi. Her birinin hayatinda oldukça ilgi çekici olaylar var.

Tesekkürler.

Cevapla
#6
Emeginize saglik , tesekkür ediyorum. Smile
CassiopeiaBABY
Cevapla




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