Donggureung (동구릉) (East Nine Tombs)
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Address/Adres: San2-1, Inchang-dong Guri-si, Gyeonggi-do
Donggureung Kore'deki en büyük mezar alanidir. Adini "Doguda dokuz tane kraliyet mezari vardir." dinmesinden almistir. Joseon Hanedanligi'nin 17 krali ve kraliçesinin mezarlari burada toplanmistir. Joseon Hanedanligi'nin kurucusu Kral Taejo, Yi Seonggye 1408'de öldügünde, Kral Taejong kraliyet ailesi için güzel bir mezarlik kurulmasini emretti. Paju ve Goyang bölgelerine bakildiktan sonra, günümüzdeki yeri belirlendi. Donggureung'un insaati tüm Joseon Hanedani boyunca yapildi. 1855 (Kral Cheoljong'un 6. yili)'te, ölümünden sonra tapusunu alan Kral Ikjong'un mezari olan Sureung türürnün dokuzuncu örnegi olarak insa edildikten sonra Donggureung adiyla anilmaya basladi. Ondan önce, Dongoreung (東五陵) ya da Dongchilleung (東七陵) diye aniliyordu.
Dokuz mezarin tamami Donggureung'dadir. Geonwolleung (健元陵)'un çevresinde merkezlenmis olan kurucu Kral Taejo'nun mezari Geomaksan Dagi'nin kuzeyindedir, dogudaki tepenin üzerindeyse Mongneung (穆陵), 14. Kral Sunjo, yasal esi Kraliçe Uiin ve ikinci yasal esi Kraliçe Inmok'un mezari vardir. 5. Kral Munjong ve esi Kraliçe Hyeondeok'un mezari olan Hyeolleung (顯陵), Kral Ikjong ve esi Kraliçe Sinjeong (Kral Ikjong, 23. Kral Sunjo'nun Veliaht Prensi'ydi ve kralin ölümünden sonra kral ünvanini aldi)'un mezari olan Sureung (綏陵) ile birlikte dagin güneyinde bulunur. Geonwolleung'un bati tarafinda 16. Kral Injo'nun ikinci yasal esi olan Kraliçe Jangnyeol'un mezari olan Hwireung (徽陵) vardir ve hemen yaninda 24. Kral Heonjong, onun esi Kraliçe Hyohyeon ve ikinci yasal esi Kraliçe Hyojeong'in mezari olan Gyeongneung (景陵) bulunur. Gyeongneung'un altinda, 21. Kral Yeongjo'nun ve onun ikinci yasal esi Kraliçe Jeongsun'un mezari olan Wolleung (元陵), 20. Kral Gyeongjong'un esi olan Kraliçe Danui'nin mezari olan Hyereung (惠陵) ile birlikte bulunur. Son olarak da, en solda 18. Kral Hyeonjong ve esi Kraliçe Myeongseong'un mezari olan Sungneung (崇陵) bulunur.
Donggureung mezar düzenindeki degisiklikleri ve Joseon Hanedanligi'nin iyi ve kötü günlerini bir bakista görmemizi saglayan kültürel miraslarin önemli bir parçasidir. Bunun disinda, kendini çevreleyen manzarasi, tüm mezar alanini bastan basa kaplamis bir orman ve üzerinden geçen bir akarsuyla birlikte çok zariftir.
English:
The Donggureung is the biggest royal grave area in Korea. It is named as such from the saying; “there are nine royal tombs in the east.” The tombs of 17 kings and queens of the Joseon Dynasty are gathered here. When the founder of the Joseon Dynasty, King Taejo, Yi Seonggye, passed away in 1408, King Taejong ordered that a good gravesite be found for the royal family. After looking in the Paju and Goyang areas, the current place was designated. Construction of the Donggureung was done throughout the entire Joseon Dynasty. It came to be called the Donggureung after 1855 (the 6th year of King Cheoljong), when the Sureung, the tomb of King Ikjong who received the title after death, was constructed as the ninth of its kind. Before that, it was called the Dongoreung (東五陵) or the Dongchilleung (東七陵).
A total of nine tombs are in the Donggureung. Centered round the Geonwolleung (健元陵), the tomb of the founder King Taejo, in the north of the Geomaksan Mountain, there is the Mongneung (穆陵), the tomb of the 14th King Sunjo, his lawful wife, Queen Uiin and his second lawful wife, Queen Inmok on the eastern hill. The Hyeolleung (顯陵), the tomb of the 5th King Munjong and his wife Queen Hyeondeok, is located in the south of the mountain, along with the Sureung (綏陵), the tomb of King Ikjong and his wife Queen Sinjeong (King Ikjong was the Crown Prince of the 23rd King Sunjo and received the posthumous title of king). On the west side of the Geonwolleung, there is the Hwireung (徽陵), the tomb of Queen Jangnyeol, the second lawful wife of the 16th King Injo, and on the next, the Gyeongneung (景陵), the tomb of the 24th King Heonjong, his wife Queen Hyohyeon and his second lawful wife Queen Hyojeong, is located. Under the Gyeongneung, the Wolleung (元陵), the tomb of the 21st King Yeongjo and his second lawful wife Queen Jeongsun, is located along with the Hyereung (惠陵), the tomb of Queen Danui, the wife of the 20th King Gyeongjong. Finally, on the far left, the Sungneung (崇陵), the tomb of the 18th King Hyeonjong and his wife Queen Myeongseong, is located.
The Donggureung is a very important piece of cultural heritage to enable us to see the changes in the tomb system and the ups and downs of the 500 years of the Joseon Dynasty at one glance. Besides, its surrounding scenery is very graceful, with the overgrown forest throughout the entire tomb area and the stream passing through it.
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