Yeongjo / 영조 (Joseon)
![[Resim: 23807860.png]](http://img189.imageshack.us/img189/3222/23807860.png)
Yeongjo (1694-1776, r. 1724-1776) Joseon Hanedanligi'nin 21. kralidir. Sukjong'un ikinci ogludur ve abisi Gyeongjong'un yerini almistir.
HÜKÜMDARLIGI
Kral Yeongjo oldukça derin bir Konfüçyüsçü hükümdardi. Kendisinin ve torunu Jeongjo'nun hükümdarliginda 16. yüzyilin sonu 17. yüzyilin baslarindaki mücadelelerde Konfüçyüslük, ekonomik iyilesmenin temel noktasiydi.
Kral ayni zamanda, Amhaeng-eosa yani gizli hükümet müfettisi olarak atadigi Park Mun-su'ya verdigi degerle bilinirdi. Park, Yi In-ja'nin isyanini bastirarak büyük bir erdem kazandi ve ülke çapindaki yozlasmis yerel liderleri kral adina tutukladi.
Önemli derecede üzücü olan tek olay ise hükümdarliginda oglu Veliaht Prens Sado'nun zorunlu intihariydi. Sado muhtemelen akil hastaligindan aci çekiyordu. Saraydaki insanlari rasgele öldürüyordu ve anormal bir sapkinligi vardi. Yeongjo oglunu kendi elleriyle öldürmeyi reddetti ve Sado babasi tarafindan hayatinin alinmasiyla ilgili emirlere karsi geldi. 1767 yilinin sicak bir agustos gününde Sado, ahsap bir pirinç sandiginin içine girmeyi emretti. Sekiz gün sonra Sado havasizliktan öldü.
Dokuz yil sonra Yeongjo öldü ve Sado'nun oglu Jeongjo kral oldu. Yeongjo Donggureung'daki hanedanlik mezarligina defnedildi.
Yeongjo ülkedeki Katolik faaliyetlere karsiydi. 18. yüzyila kadar Katoliklik, Gangwon ve Hwanghae illerini ele geçirmeye baslamisti. 1758'de Yeongjo, Katoliklik'i yok etmek için yasa disi oldugunu ilan etti.
AILESI
Babasi: Kral Sukjong
Annesi: Choi Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Kraliçe Sook
Esleri:
1. Seo Boyu'na mensup Kraliçe Jongseong (1692-1757)
2. Kim Boyu'na mensup Kraliçe Jeongsun (1745-1805)
3. Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Jeong
4. Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Yeong
5. Jo Gwi-in
6. Moon Suk-ui
Çocuklari:
1. Varis Prens Hyojang (1719-1728), Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Jeong'dan tek oglu.
2. Prens Sado (1735-1762), Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Yeong'tan tek oglu.
3. Prenses Hwapyeong, Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Yeong'tan 1. kizi.
4. Prenses Hwahyeop, Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Yeong'tan 2. kizi.
5. Prenses Hwawan, Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Yeong'tan 3. kizi.
6. Prenses Hwasoon, Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Jeong'tan 2. kizi
7. Prenses Hwayoo, Jo Gwi-in'den tek kizi.
8. Prenses Hwaryeong, Moon Suk-ui'den 1. kizi.
9. Prenses Hwagil, Moon Suk-ui'den 2. kizi.
Kaynak / Source
English
Yeongjo / 영조 (Joseon)
Yeongjo (1694-1776, r. 1724-1776) was the twenty-first king of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. He was the second son of Sukjong, and succeeded his older brother Gyeongjong.
King Yeongjo was a deeply Confucian monarch, and is said to have had a greater knowledge of the classics than his officials. During the reign of Yeongjo and his grandson Jeongjo, Confucianization was at its height as was economic recovery from the wars of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries.
The king is also famous for having treasured Park Mun-su, who was appointed as Amhaeng-eosa (암행어사) or secret governmental inspectors. Park, who had earned great merit in putting down Yi In-ja's rebellion, went around the nation arresting corrupt local officers in the name of the king.
The only significantly dismal incident during Yeongjo's reign was the forced suicide of his son, the crown prince Sado. Sado most likely suffered from mental illness. He randomly killed people in the palace and was a sexual deviant. Yeongjo refused to kill his son with his own hand and Sado would not follow orders from his father to take his own life. On a hot August day in 1767, Sado was ordered to climb into a large wooden rice chest. After eight days, Sado died of suffocation.
Nine years later Yeongjo died, and Sado's son, Jeongjo became king. Yeongjo was buried in the dynastic tombs at Donggureung.
Yeongjo was the first to take action against Roman Catholic activities in the country. By the 18th century, Catholicism was beginning to acquire a following especially in the Gangwon and Hwanghae provinces. In 1758, Yeongjo officially outlawed Catholicism as an evil practice.
He is buried with his second wife at the royal tomb of Wonneung (원릉, 元陵) in the city of Guri.
FAMILY
Father: King Sukjong (숙종)
Mother: Royal Noble Consort Sook of the Choe clan (숙빈 최씨)
Consorts:
1. Queen Jeongseong of the Seo clan (정성왕후 서씨, 1692-1757)
2. Queen Jeongsun of the Kim clan (정순왕후 김씨, 1745–1805)
3. Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Lee clan (정빈 이씨)
4. Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Lee clan (영빈 이씨, 1696-August 23, 1764)
5. Jo Gwi-in (귀인 조씨)
6. Moon Suk-ui (숙의 문씨)
Issue:
1. Prince Successor Hyojang (효장세자, 1719–1728), Only Son of Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Lee clan.
2. Prince Successor Sado (사도세자, 1735-1762), Only Son of Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Lee clan.
3. Princess Hwapyeong (화평옹주) - 1st Daughter of Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Lee clan.
4. Princess Hwahyeop (화협옹주, 1733-1752) - 2nd Daughter of Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Lee clan.
5. Princess Hwawan (화완옹주) - 3rd Daughter of Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Lee clan.
6. Princess Hwasoon (화순옹주) - 2nd Daughter of Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Lee clan.
7. Princess Hwayoo (화유옹주) - Only Daughter of Jo Gwi-in.
8. Princess Hwaryeong (화령옹주) - 1st Daughter of Moon Suk-ui.
9. Princess Hwagil (화길옹주) - 2nd Daughter of Moon Suk-ui.
![[Resim: 23807860.png]](http://img189.imageshack.us/i/23807860.png/)
Yeongjo (1694-1776, r. 1724-1776) Joseon Hanedanligi'nin 21. kralidir. Sukjong'un ikinci ogludur ve abisi Gyeongjong'un yerini almistir.
HÜKÜMDARLIGI
Kral Yeongjo oldukça derin bir Konfüçyüsçü hükümdardi. Kendisinin ve torunu Jeongjo'nun hükümdarliginda 16. yüzyilin sonu 17. yüzyilin baslarindaki mücadelelerde Konfüçyüslük, ekonomik iyilesmenin temel noktasiydi.
Kral ayni zamanda, Amhaeng-eosa yani gizli hükümet müfettisi olarak atadigi Park Mun-su'ya verdigi degerle bilinirdi. Park, Yi In-ja'nin isyanini bastirarak büyük bir erdem kazandi ve ülke çapindaki yozlasmis yerel liderleri kral adina tutukladi.
Önemli derecede üzücü olan tek olay ise hükümdarliginda oglu Veliaht Prens Sado'nun zorunlu intihariydi. Sado muhtemelen akil hastaligindan aci çekiyordu. Saraydaki insanlari rasgele öldürüyordu ve anormal bir sapkinligi vardi. Yeongjo oglunu kendi elleriyle öldürmeyi reddetti ve Sado babasi tarafindan hayatinin alinmasiyla ilgili emirlere karsi geldi. 1767 yilinin sicak bir agustos gününde Sado, ahsap bir pirinç sandiginin içine girmeyi emretti. Sekiz gün sonra Sado havasizliktan öldü.
Dokuz yil sonra Yeongjo öldü ve Sado'nun oglu Jeongjo kral oldu. Yeongjo Donggureung'daki hanedanlik mezarligina defnedildi.
Yeongjo ülkedeki Katolik faaliyetlere karsiydi. 18. yüzyila kadar Katoliklik, Gangwon ve Hwanghae illerini ele geçirmeye baslamisti. 1758'de Yeongjo, Katoliklik'i yok etmek için yasa disi oldugunu ilan etti.
AILESI
Babasi: Kral Sukjong
Annesi: Choi Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Kraliçe Sook
Esleri:
1. Seo Boyu'na mensup Kraliçe Jongseong (1692-1757)
2. Kim Boyu'na mensup Kraliçe Jeongsun (1745-1805)
3. Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Jeong
4. Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Yeong
5. Jo Gwi-in
6. Moon Suk-ui
Çocuklari:
1. Varis Prens Hyojang (1719-1728), Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Jeong'dan tek oglu.
2. Prens Sado (1735-1762), Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Yeong'tan tek oglu.
3. Prenses Hwapyeong, Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Yeong'tan 1. kizi.
4. Prenses Hwahyeop, Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Yeong'tan 2. kizi.
5. Prenses Hwawan, Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Yeong'tan 3. kizi.
6. Prenses Hwasoon, Lee Boyu'na mensup Asilzade Esi Jeong'tan 2. kizi
7. Prenses Hwayoo, Jo Gwi-in'den tek kizi.
8. Prenses Hwaryeong, Moon Suk-ui'den 1. kizi.
9. Prenses Hwagil, Moon Suk-ui'den 2. kizi.
Kaynak / Source
English
Yeongjo / 영조 (Joseon)
Yeongjo (1694-1776, r. 1724-1776) was the twenty-first king of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. He was the second son of Sukjong, and succeeded his older brother Gyeongjong.
King Yeongjo was a deeply Confucian monarch, and is said to have had a greater knowledge of the classics than his officials. During the reign of Yeongjo and his grandson Jeongjo, Confucianization was at its height as was economic recovery from the wars of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries.
The king is also famous for having treasured Park Mun-su, who was appointed as Amhaeng-eosa (암행어사) or secret governmental inspectors. Park, who had earned great merit in putting down Yi In-ja's rebellion, went around the nation arresting corrupt local officers in the name of the king.
The only significantly dismal incident during Yeongjo's reign was the forced suicide of his son, the crown prince Sado. Sado most likely suffered from mental illness. He randomly killed people in the palace and was a sexual deviant. Yeongjo refused to kill his son with his own hand and Sado would not follow orders from his father to take his own life. On a hot August day in 1767, Sado was ordered to climb into a large wooden rice chest. After eight days, Sado died of suffocation.
Nine years later Yeongjo died, and Sado's son, Jeongjo became king. Yeongjo was buried in the dynastic tombs at Donggureung.
Yeongjo was the first to take action against Roman Catholic activities in the country. By the 18th century, Catholicism was beginning to acquire a following especially in the Gangwon and Hwanghae provinces. In 1758, Yeongjo officially outlawed Catholicism as an evil practice.
He is buried with his second wife at the royal tomb of Wonneung (원릉, 元陵) in the city of Guri.
FAMILY
Father: King Sukjong (숙종)
Mother: Royal Noble Consort Sook of the Choe clan (숙빈 최씨)
Consorts:
1. Queen Jeongseong of the Seo clan (정성왕후 서씨, 1692-1757)
2. Queen Jeongsun of the Kim clan (정순왕후 김씨, 1745–1805)
3. Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Lee clan (정빈 이씨)
4. Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Lee clan (영빈 이씨, 1696-August 23, 1764)
5. Jo Gwi-in (귀인 조씨)
6. Moon Suk-ui (숙의 문씨)
Issue:
1. Prince Successor Hyojang (효장세자, 1719–1728), Only Son of Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Lee clan.
2. Prince Successor Sado (사도세자, 1735-1762), Only Son of Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Lee clan.
3. Princess Hwapyeong (화평옹주) - 1st Daughter of Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Lee clan.
4. Princess Hwahyeop (화협옹주, 1733-1752) - 2nd Daughter of Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Lee clan.
5. Princess Hwawan (화완옹주) - 3rd Daughter of Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Lee clan.
6. Princess Hwasoon (화순옹주) - 2nd Daughter of Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Lee clan.
7. Princess Hwayoo (화유옹주) - Only Daughter of Jo Gwi-in.
8. Princess Hwaryeong (화령옹주) - 1st Daughter of Moon Suk-ui.
9. Princess Hwagil (화길옹주) - 2nd Daughter of Moon Suk-ui.
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